Endgame compositions

Opportunities in step with China’s objectives and priorities

The culmination of these recent events—some expected, some unexpected—in the past few months unnerved investors, but there has always been a lot of volatility when it comes to investing in China. It’s helpful to take a step back and look at the big picture. Over the past decade China has been in a boom, punctuated many times by the expectation of a hard landing or meltdown. Each time, China has made its way out. Today, the macroeconomic picture in China is driven by the overarching objectives that the Chinese government is looking to achieve. These include: improving security, financial market stability, common prosperity, the environment, dual circulation and demographics. Most of these long-run goals are a net positive for the long-term development of the Chinese economy—and therefore for investing in China—despite generating short-run headwinds for some sectors and companies, as evidenced by the regulatory intensity last year.

Beijing’s long-term goals illustrate how the Chinese model of growth is evolving from a focus on the quantity to the quality of growth, transitioning to a more domestic, service-oriented economy, shifting priorities to balancing growth and sustainability, tackling social equality and security, after a decade-long journey to eliminate absolute poverty. We believe the increased focus on automation and digitization, healthcare, life insurance and asset management, deleveraging and stronger balance sheets, and the move towards green energy and a cleaner environment, are among the long-term trends that make China’s investment case attractive.

Don’t be forced into Zugzwang

Why invest in China

We are behind the long-term China investment case, while acknowledging higher risks and more near-term volatility, and cognizant that not everyone feels the same way. Simply put, we view China as a core standalone allocation, the same way that we look at the US, Japan, Europe and the UK. China is the second largest economy in the world and one of the most significant drivers of global growth, but investors are still under-invested (Chart 1).

Chart 1: The world is underinvested in China

China is the second-largest stock market but significantly under-represented in global portfolios

10 largest stock exchanges by market capitalization1

This charts shows how the world is underinvested in China even though China’s economy and stock market are significant.


Share of Global GDP2

Share of Global GDP

Weights in the MSCI All Country World Index2

This charts shows how the world is underinvested in China even though China’s economy and stock market are significant.

Chart 1 – This charts shows how the world is underinvested in China even though China’s economy and stock market are significant.

The country’s pattern of growth differs from other markets, both in emerging and developed regions, and its monetary policy direction is also diverging from the rest of the world. Although this can sometimes create short-term headwinds, it also means that Chinese equities and fixed income asset classes offer investors low correlation and diversification benefits (Chart 2) compared to other widely-held portfolio allocations. The scale and variety of the opportunities offered is compelling to investors looking for both market and active returns across asset types. These factors mean that China offers active opportunities for investors, both from an overall portfolio allocation perspective and within individual asset classes. China’s capital markets also continue their rapid internationalization through index inclusions and the lifting of capital market controls.

Chart 2: China A benefits from low correlation across global indices

Correlation (TR USD)
January 2002 to April 2022

A strong case for inclusion in a portfolio for diversification purposes and improve risk-return profile

Index

Index

MSCI North
America

MSCI North
America

MSCI
Europe

MSCI
Europe

MSCI
Pacific

MSCI
Pacific

MSCI China
ex A-Shares

MSCI China
ex A-Shares

MSCI China
A-Shares

MSCI China
A-Shares

MSCI EM
Asia ex China

MSCI EM
Asia ex China

MSCI EM
EMEA

MSCI EM
EMEA

MSCI EM
LATAM

MSCI EM
LATAM

Index

MSCI North America

MSCI North
America

1.00

MSCI
Europe

0.88

MSCI
Pacific

0.76

MSCI China
ex A-Shares

0.58

MSCI China
A-Shares

0.36

MSCI EM
Asia ex China

0.76

MSCI EM
EMEA

0.73

MSCI EM
LATAM

0.69

Index

MSCI Europe

MSCI North
America

0.88

MSCI
Europe

1.00

MSCI
Pacific

0.80

MSCI China
ex A-Shares

0.64

MSCI China
A-Shares

0.37

MSCI EM
Asia ex China

0.79

MSCI EM
EMEA

0.82

MSCI EM
LATAM

0.75

Index

MSCI Pacific

MSCI North
America

0.76

MSCI
Europe

0.80

MSCI
Pacific

1.00

MSCI China
ex A-Shares

0.66

MSCI China
A-Shares

0.36

MSCI EM
Asia ex China

0.76

MSCI EM
EMEA

0.79

MSCI EM
LATAM

0.68

Index

MSCI China ex A-Shares

MSCI North
America

0.58

MSCI
Europe

0.64

MSCI
Pacific

0.66

MSCI China
ex A-Shares

1.00

MSCI China
A-Shares

0.60

MSCI EM
Asia ex China

0.74

MSCI EM
EMEA

0.68

MSCI EM
LATAM

0.61

Index

MSCI China A-Shares

MSCI North
America

0.36

MSCI
Europe

0.37

MSCI
Pacific

0.36

MSCI China
ex A-Shares

0.60

MSCI China
A-Shares

1.00

MSCI EM
Asia ex China

0.42

MSCI EM
EMEA

0.34

MSCI EM
LATAM

0.35

Index

MSCI EM Asia

MSCI North
America

0.76

MSCI
Europe

0.79

MSCI
Pacific

0.76

MSCI China
ex A-Shares

0.74

MSCI China
A-Shares

0.42

MSCI EM
Asia ex China

1.00

MSCI EM
EMEA

0.81

MSCI EM
LATAM

0.76

Index

MSCI EMEA

MSCI North
America

0.73

MSCI
Europe

0.82

MSCI
Pacific

0.79

MSCI China
ex A-Shares

0.68

MSCI China
A-Shares

0.34

MSCI EM
Asia ex China

0.81

MSCI EM
EMEA

1.00

MSCI EM
LATAM

0.83

Index

MSCI EM LATAM

MSCI North
America

0.69

MSCI
Europe

0.75

MSCI
Pacific

0.68

MSCI China
ex A-Shares

0.61

MSCI China
A-Shares

0.35

MSCI EM
Asia ex China

0.76

MSCI EM
EMEA

0.83

MSCI EM
LATAM

1.00

Chart 2 – This chart shows that Chinese equities offer investors low correlation across global indices and diversification benefits.

Must move the Chariot in the first three moves to win

Equity

Understanding Beijing’s overarching objectives and their potential implications should be front and center for any successful China investment strategy, and is an increasingly important consideration when picking stocks. China equities are volatile partly because the market is retail investor-driven, which is challenging but also presents a clear opportunity for active managers with the on-the-ground knowledge and research capabilities to identify and take advantage of mispricing and deliver value for investors. We have always believed that it’s about picking the right stocks in a fast-changing environment—and we are now in an even faster-changing environment than ever before.

Some of the most exciting long-term equity opportunities have been in the healthcare sector as we believe Chinese healthcare expenditure will continue to grow at double digits (Chart 3). We are positive in the long run on select leading pharmaceutical companies with rich innovative pipelines to diversify from the impact of reduction in drug prices, as well as Contract and Research Organizations (CROs) which are gaining international recognition in new, advanced drug therapies such as cell and gene therapy.

In the financials sector, there is great potential in the insurance segment and wealth management services as the country continues its decades-long transition from low income to affluence. We believe the need for these financial products and services is somewhat nascent and can become significant with time, given the progression is structural in nature. While part of China is still in lockdown, we believe that when it does eventually open up, investing in the banking sector will be an attractive way to participate in the reopening.

Chart 3: An aging population presents opportunities

When challenges become investment opportunities: healthcare and insurance services will raise demand for asset management services too

Healthcare market size in China

Insurance penetration

Source: Goldman Sachs Research, February 2022

Asset management services

Chart 3 – This chart shows how China’s aging population could translate into higher demand for healthcare, insurance and asset management services.

But “opportunity” also sometimes means being patient and waiting on the sidelines when necessary. Given our focus on the fundamental story and the fundamental value of the companies we own, last year we did not get carried away by the hype in certain sectors such as the renewable energy space, particularly the electronic vehicle (EV) industry. As we saw it, there was a big gap between the valuations these EV companies were trading at and their fundamental value, even after accounting for government support. Not investing in this part of the market has shielded us from much of the volatility of the past few months. We continue to believe that our holdings of good quality companies with strong competitive advantages will deliver results in the long run as investor focus returns to sector and company fundamentals.

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